When was the mesozoic era

At the very end of the Mesozoic Era, another great disaster occurred (the Cretaceous-Tertiary mass extinction), where the dinosaurs, Pterosaurs, Mosasaurs, Plesiosaurs, Pliosaurs, and many other creatures (such as Ammonites, and Belemnites) were wiped out. The period since the dinosaurs' extinction is known as the Cenozoic and is divided into 2 ...

The Mesozoic era is also famous as the middle life era. This era was between about 250 to 66 million years ago. During this period, life evolved and diversified. It gets its name from the Greek language, which means ‘Middle life.’ This period is also famous as the age of dinosaurs or the age of reptiles. The Mesozoic era existed between the ...Geologic periods Following the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic extended roughly 186 million years, from 251.902 to 66 million years ago when the Cenozoic Era began. This time frame is separated into three geologic periods. From oldest to youngest: Triassic ( 251.902 to 201.4 million years ago) Jurassic ( 201.4 to 145 million years ago)The Mesozoic Era spanned 252 to 66 million years ago a tiny part of the Earth's long history. Imagine yourself at the dawn of the Mesozoic about 250 million years ago. Most large animals are reptiles rather than mammals; there are no dinosaurs, no bird sounds, and no flowers to pick or grass to mow.Pangea, supercontinent that incorporated almost all of Earth’s landmasses in early geologic time. Fully assembled by the Early Permian Epoch (some 299 million to about 273 million years ago), it began to break apart about 200 million years ago, eventually forming the modern continents and the Atlantic and Indian oceans.Jun 11, 2018 · Mesozoic The middle of three eras that constitute the Phanerozoic period of time, about 248–65 Ma ago. The Mesozoic (literally ‘middle life’) was preceded by the Palaeozoic Era and followed by the Cenozoic Era. The Mesozoic comprises the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods. Origin of birds. The scientific question of within which larger group of animals birds evolved has traditionally been called the " origin of birds ". The present scientific consensus is that birds are a group of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs that originated during the Mesozoic Era . A close relationship between birds and dinosaurs was first ...

The Hadean (IPA: / h eɪ ˈ d iː ə n, ˈ h eɪ d i ə n / hay-DEE-ən, HAY-dee-ən) [] is the first and oldest of the four known geologic eons of Earth's history.It started with the planet's formation about 4.54 Bya, now defined as (4567.30 ± 0.16) Mya set by the age of the oldest solid material in the Solar System found in some meteorites about 4.567 billion years old.Dinosaurs. The prehistoric reptiles known as dinosaurs arose during the Middle to Late Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, some 230 million years ago. They were members of a subclass of reptiles ...Proterozoic Eon, the younger of the two divisions of Precambrian time, the older being the Archean Eon.The Proterozoic Eon extended from 2.5 billion to 541 million years ago and is often divided into the Paleoproterozoic (2.5 billion to 1.6 billion years ago), the Mesoproterozoic (1.6 billion to 1 billion years ago), and the Neoproterozoic (1 billion to …The 1960s to Modern Era in American section covers all the major events in modern American history. Learn about the 1960s to modern era in America. Advertisement The 1960s was a period in American history that was marked with conflict and s...Paleozoic Era, or Palaeozoic Era, Major interval of geologic time, c. 542–251 million years ago. From the Greek for “ancient life,” it is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon and is followed by the Mesozoic Era.It is divided into six periods: (from oldest to youngest) the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. ...Throughout the Mesozoic Era, the world’s continents and oceans were continually changing shape and position. In fact, at the beginning of the Mesozoic Era, there was only one huge continent, called Pangaea, and one ocean, called Panthalassa. By the end of the Mesozoic Era, the continents were in roughly the positions that they are in today.Near the close of the Mesozoic Era the earth was subjected to a series of intense crustal disturbances that geologists call the Laramide orogeny (orogeny means mountain-building). The origin and nature of the forces that bent and cracked the crust are unknown, but current theories being developed about sea-floor spreading and …The era began on a big down note, ... Mesozoic Era: Age of the Dinosaurs. Triassic Period Facts: Climate, Animals & Plants; Jurassic Period Facts; Cretaceous Period: Facts About Animals, Plants ...

The difference between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic era is Many different species of dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic, but they all died off in the Paleozoic.. What are Paleozoic era. Paleozoic Era can be regarded as the , major interval of geologic time which was seen around 541 million years ago.. Therefore, species of dinosaurs lived in the …Origin of birds. The scientific question of within which larger group of animals birds evolved has traditionally been called the " origin of birds ". The present scientific consensus is that birds are a group of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs that originated during the Mesozoic Era . A close relationship between birds and dinosaurs was first ... Oct 15, 2023 · Jurassic Period, second of three periods of the Mesozoic Era. Extending from 201.3 million to 145 million years ago, the Jurassic was a time of global change in the continents, oceanographic patterns, and biological systems. On land, dinosaurs and flying pterosaurs dominated, and birds made their first appearance. Gideon Algernon Mantell. ... Triassic Period, in geologic time, the first period of the Mesozoic Era. It began 252 million years ago, at the close of the Permian Period, and ended 201 million years ago, when …Barney, the purple "T-rex" from "Barney & Friends," the American children's television series on PBS. PBS. The only dinosaur ever to evolve the ability to sing and dance, Barney has been a fixture on public TV for over two decades, a tribute to this unspecified species' intelligence, savvy, and PR team. Based on a careful analysis of his …The Mesozoic Era began 251.902 mya (million years ago) and lasted for 185.9 million years. For much of this time, reptiles were the dominant vertebrate animals, not just on land (in the form of dinosaurs), but also in the air (in the form of pterosaurs) and in the sea (in the form of plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs and mosasaurs).

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Triassic Period, in geologic time, the first period of the Mesozoic Era. It began 252 million years ago, at the close of the Permian Period, and ended 201 million years ago, when it was succeeded by the Jurassic Period. The Triassic Period marked the beginning of major changes that were to take place throughout the Mesozoic Era, particularly in ...Oct 16, 2016 · The Mesozoic Era began around 252 million years ago, and lasted for around 186 million years. This immense period of time is divided into the Triassic , Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. You can find out more about the periods of the Mesozoic Era here: Dinosaur Periods . The Jurassic Period: 201 to 145 million years ago What did Earth look like during the Jurassic Period? Sources/Usage: Public Domain. Artist's rendition of Jurassic life. Large reptiles dominated the land, and birds appear. Meet the First True Dinosaurs of the Mesozoic Era. Tawa. Jorge Gonzalez. The first true dinosaurs --small, two-legged, meat-eating reptiles--evolved in what is now South America during the middle to late Triassic period, about 230 million years ago, and then spread around the world. On the following slides, you'll find pictures and detailed ...

Precambrian. _________ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Mesozoic era. Dinosaurs. Most modern animal phyla evolved during the _________ era. Paleozoic. Bony fish first evolved during the _________. Paleozoic. Which of the following options correctly lists the varieties of life in the order that they appear in the geologic record ...The Triassic period was the first period of the Mesozoic era and occurred between 251.9 million and 201.3 million years ago. It followed the great mass extinction at the end of the Permian period ...The Mesozoic Era by Alaska, released 28 June 2010 1. Nova's 2. Dolorous with Robert Manos 3. Celsius 4. Denali's Realm 5. Sundog with Kirsty Hawkshaw 6.Eras of the Phanerozoic The Phanerozoic is divided into three eras : the Paleozoic , Mesozoic and Cenozoic , which are further subdivided into 12 periods . The Paleozoic features the evolution of the three most …The Mesozoic Era lasted about 180 million years, from about 245 million years ago to about 65 million years ago. The Mesozoic is divided into just three time periods: the Triassic, the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous. Since lots of things were going on in each time period, we can only summarize the events. You can learn more by going to your ... The Mesozoic Era spanned 252 to 66 million years ago a tiny part of the Earth's long history. Imagine yourself at the dawn of the Mesozoic about 250 million years ago. Most large animals are reptiles rather than mammals; there are no dinosaurs, no bird sounds, and no flowers to pick or grass to mow.Without doubt, the Mesozoic era was the time of the reptiles with reptilian forms dominating nearly every eco-system from the ocean to the land to the air. But ...The Mesozoic Sea. Before large mammals, reptiles ruled the ocean. During the Mesozoic, the time period when dinosaurs roamed on land, many of these large creatures were the top predators in the ocean food chain and fed on fish, cephalopods, bivalves, and even one another. Pterosaurs, flying reptiles, were also a key part to Mesozoic ocean ...The Mesozoic Era. The Mesozoic era lasted about 185.5 million years, from about 251 million years ago to about 65.5 million years ago. It is divided into three periods. From the earliest to the most recent, these periods are the Triassic, the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous. The Mesozoic era is sometimes called the Age of Reptiles because reptiles ...Origin of birds. The scientific question of within which larger group of animals birds evolved has traditionally been called the " origin of birds ". The present scientific consensus is that birds are a group of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs that originated during the Mesozoic Era . A close relationship between birds and dinosaurs was first ...

Jurassic Period, Interval of geologic time, 201.3–145 million years ago, that is one of the three major divisions of the Mesozoic Era.It was preceded by the Triassic Period and followed by the Cretaceous.During the Jurassic, Pangea began to break up into the present-day continents. Marine invertebrates flourished, and large reptiles dominated many …

This brings us to the placodonts, an obscure family of Triassic reptiles closely related to the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs of the Mesozoic Era. The poster genus for this group, Placodus, was an unremarkable-looking creature that spent most of its time on land, but some of its marine relatives--including Henodus, Placochelys, and Psephoderma- …The Mesozoic Era began 252 million years ago and lasted until 66 million years ago. Since this era spanned a large amount of time, during which many changes took place, the era was divided into ..._____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Mesozoic era. Dinosaurs. Most modern animal phyla evolved during the _____ era. Paleozoic. Bony fish first evolved during the _____ . Paleozoic. How long ago do scientists believe …Anapsid, synapsid, and diapsid reptiles pursued very different paths toward the start of the Mesozoic Era. Today, the only living relatives of the anapsids are turtles and tortoises , though the exact nature of this relationship is hotly disputed by paleontologists.Mesozoic Era: 252 to 66 Ma. Name means "middle life." Fossil Record: Southeastern U.S.: Coastal Plain and Blue Ridge and Piedmont. South-Central U.S.: Coastal Plain, Central Lowland and Interior Highlands, Great Plains, and Basin and Range. Earth History: Southeastern U.S.Dinosaur communities were separated by both time and geography. The 'Age of Dinosaurs' (the Mesozoic Era) included three consecutive geologic time periods (the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods). Different dinosaur species lived during each of these three periods.The Mesozoic Era began 252.2 million years ago, following the conclusion of the Paleozoic Era, and ended 66 million years ago, at the dawn of the Cenozoic Era.Movies and films have come a long way since their inception during the silent era. From humble beginnings to becoming a global phenomenon, the evolution of movies and films has been nothing short of extraordinary.The supercontinent Pangaea in the early Mesozoic (at 200 Ma). Pangaea or Pangea (/ p æ n ˈ dʒ iː. ə /) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from the earlier continental units of Gondwana, Euramerica and Siberia during the Carboniferous approximately 335 million years ago, and began to break apart …

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Mesozoic Era: 252 to 66 Ma. Name means "middle life." Fossil Record: Southeastern U.S.: Coastal Plain and Blue Ridge and Piedmont. South-Central U.S.: Coastal Plain, Central Lowland and Interior Highlands, Great Plains, and Basin and Range. Earth History: Southeastern U.S.Oct 2, 2012 · The Cretaceous Period ends with one of the greatest known extinction events, so severe it also marks the end of the Mesozoic Era. Dinosaurs, pterosaurs, mosasaurs, and ammonoids, to name a few, were among the groups lost at this time. Oct 2, 2012 · The Cretaceous Period ends with one of the greatest known extinction events, so severe it also marks the end of the Mesozoic Era. Dinosaurs, pterosaurs, mosasaurs, and ammonoids, to name a few, were among the groups lost at this time. Erupting Volcanoes! (Sorry, no cave men! They didn't show up until the end of the Cenozoic .) The Mesozoic Era lasted about 180 million years, from about 245 million years ago to …The same erosional forces responsible for the Permian and Mesozoic gaps in Michigan's rock record were active during the ensuing Paleogene and Neogene periods of the Cenozoic era. As such, no Cenozoic fossils older than the Pleistocene are known from Michigan. Nevertheless, Michigan has many deposits made during the Quaternary period.The Triassic period is the first stage of the Mesozoic era. The Triassic lasted for thirty-five million years. After the catastrophe that occurred at the end of ...The Cretaceous is defined as the period between 145.5 and 65.5 million years ago,* the last period of the Mesozoic Era, following the Jurassic and ending with the extinction of the dinosaurs (except birds). By the beginning of the Cretaceous, the supercontinent Pangea was already rifting apart, and by the mid-Cretaceous, it had split into ... Paleozoic (541-252 million years ago) means ‘ancient life.’. The oldest animals on Earth appeared just before the start of this era in the Ediacaran Period, but scientists had not yet discovered them when the geologic timescale was made. Life was primitive during the Paleozoic and included many invertebrates (animals without backbones) and ... Bear in mind that raptors weren't the only theropods of the Mesozoic Era; this populous class of dinosaurs also included tyrannosaurs, ornithomimids, and small, feathered " dino-birds ." Then there's the issue …Sauropods were the giants of the Mesozoic Era; dinosaurs such as Brachiosaurus, Apatosaurus and Diplodocus were colossal, long-necked, long-tailed animals that lumbered around on four, tree-trunk-like legs. Sauropods are the largest land animals ever to have walked on Earth.Jun 11, 2018 · Mesozoic The middle of three eras that constitute the Phanerozoic period of time, about 248–65 Ma ago. The Mesozoic (literally ‘middle life’) was preceded by the Palaeozoic Era and followed by the Cenozoic Era. The Mesozoic comprises the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods. Department of Earth Sciences. Earth Scientists focus on today’s pressing challenges to society: earthquake risk, sustainability, water resources, ocean health, natural resources and societal impact of changing climate/atmospheric chemistry. We also tackle the foremost problems in the earth sciences: the temporal and spatial evolution of life ... ….

26 thg 7, 2023 ... The Mesozoic Era lasted from about 252 to 66 million years ago and is the second of three eras during which complex life evolved on Earth.All living things have to eat in order to survive, and dinosaurs were no exception. Still, you'd be surprised at the specialized diets enjoyed by different dinosaurs, and the sheer variety of live prey and green foliage consumed by the average carnivore or herbivore. Here's a slideshow of the 10 favorite foods of the dinosaurs of the Mesozoic ...Jul 28, 2022 · The Mesozoic era is also famous as the middle life era. This era was between about 250 to 66 million years ago. During this period, life evolved and diversified. It gets its name from the Greek language, which means ‘Middle life.’ This period is also famous as the age of dinosaurs or the age of reptiles. The Mesozoic era existed between the ... The Cretaceous Period was the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era. It lasted 79 million years, making it the longest period of the Mesozoic Era. During the Cretaceous Period Earth became ever more recognizable, with the continents gradually moving towards their present-day positions.The Mesozoic Era (252–66 Ma) spread over an interesting time that witnessed splitting of the Pangaea supercontinent and the opening and spreading of the Atlantic and Indian oceans. It brackets the time interval sandwiched between two extreme events of biodiversity crisis i.e., the end Permian mass extinction (around 252 Ma) marking the base ...Paleozoic Era, or Palaeozoic Era, Major interval of geologic time, c. 542–251 million years ago. From the Greek for “ancient life,” it is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon and is followed by the Mesozoic Era.It is divided into six periods: (from oldest to youngest) the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. ...3dman_eu/Pixabay. The world was rife with disease-creating viruses, bacteria, and parasites during the Mesozoic Era, no less than it is today.Toward the end of the Cretaceous period, these pathogens evolved symbiotic relationships with flying insects, which spread various fatal diseases to dinosaurs with their bites.During the Mesozoic Era (a period of more than 180 million years that included the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods), a species of non-avian dinosaur evolved into a species of avian dinosaur. This avian dinosaur is the first bird and the forerunner of all birds. Every non-avian dinosaur went extinct 66 million years ago.The Mesozoic is the middle of the three eras that make up the Phanerozoic eon. Before the Mesozoic was the Palaeozoic era. The K/T extinction in 65 mya also marks the beginning of the Cenozoic era, the one we live in. The three Mesozoic periods were: Triassic (252–201 mya) Lower Triassic (252–247 mya) When was the mesozoic era, 1 / 11. The Jurassic period (199.6 million to 145.5 million years ago) was characterized by a warm, wet climate that gave rise to lush vegetation and abundant life. Many new dinosaurs emerged—in ... , Introduction. The Mesozoic Era (252–66 Ma) spread over an interesting time that witnessed splitting of the Pangaea supercontinent and the opening and spreading of the Atlantic …, 5 июн. 2018 г. ... ... Mesozoic Era, this 155-kilometer-long coastal strip has long been recognized as an important place in the study of earth science. But it's ..., Geologic periods Following the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic extended roughly 186 million years, from 251.902 to 66 million years ago when the Cenozoic Era began. This time frame is separated into three geologic periods. From oldest to youngest: Triassic ( 251.902 to 201.4 million years ago) Jurassic ( 201.4 to 145 million years ago), The Jurassic Period: 201 to 145 million years ago What did Earth look like during the Jurassic Period? Sources/Usage: Public Domain. Artist's rendition of Jurassic life. Large reptiles dominated the land, and birds appear. , In the Carnic Alps the Mesozoic Era holds no further great discoveries. The rocks of the Cretaceous age (from 140 to 65 million years ago), in fact, are rare ..., This group includes all the known carnivorous dinosaurs as well as the birds.No obviously adapted herbivores are recognized in the group, but some theropods, notably the toothless oviraptorids and ornithomimids, may well have been relatively omnivorous like today’s ostriches. Mesozoic Era theropods ranged in size from the smallest known adult …, The Mesozoic Era lasted more than 180 million years. During this time, many modern forms of plants, invertebrates, and fishes evolved. On land, dinosaurs were ..., The Jurassic period was the second segment of the Mesozoic era. It occurred from 201.3 million to 145 million years ago, following the Triassic period and preceding the Cretaceous period ., The main aspects in the evolution of Diptera Brachycera in the Mesozoic Era Ecological and morphological principles of Diptera systematics (Insecta) Akademii Nauk SSSR. Jan 1979; 35-37;, Mesozoic marine revolution begins: increasingly well adapted and diverse predators stress sessile marine groups; the "balance of power" in the oceans shifts dramatically as some groups of prey adapt more rapidly and effectively than others. 250 Ma Triadobatrachus massinoti is the earliest known frog. 248 Ma, The Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 million years ago) was the "Age of Reptiles." Dinosaurs, crocodiles, and pterosaurs ruled the land and air. As climate changed, sea levels rose world-wide and seas expanded across the center of North America., 30 июн. 2023 г. ... Framing the Mesozoic: A Geological Timeline. The Mesozoic Era can be divided into three distinct geological periods: the Triassic, Jurassic ..., Dinosaurs went extinct about 65 million years ago (at the end of the Cretaceous Period), after living on Earth for about 165 million years. If all of Earth time from the very beginning of the dinosaurs to today were compressed into 365 days (one calendar year), the dinosaurs appeared January 1 and became extinct the third week of September., 中生代（ちゅうせいだい、仏: Mésozoïque 、英: Mesozoic era ）は、古生代・中生代・新生代と分かれる地質時代の大きな区分の一つである。約2億5217万年前から約6600万年前 に相当する。 中生代は、さらに以下の3つの紀に細分される。 , "Pterodactyl" is the generic word many people use to refer to two famous pterosaurs of the Mesozoic Era, Pteranodon and Pterodactylus. Ironically, these two winged reptiles weren't all that closely related to one another. Below you'll discover 10 essential facts about these so-called "pterodactyls" that every admirer of prehistoric life should ..., Triassic Period. Learn about the time period that took place 251 to 199 million years ago. The start of the Triassic period (and the Mesozoic era) was a desolate time in Earth's history. Something ..., The Paleozoic Era - green signposts; The Mesozoic Era - blue signposts; The Cenozoic Era - yellow signposts; Each Era is split into even smaller parts known as Periods and Epochs. These boundaries were first defined by the appearance (evolution) or disappearance (extinction) of fossil species in rocks. , Non-bird dinosaurs lived between about 245 and 66 million years ago, in a time known as the Mesozoic Era. This was many millions of years before the first modern humans , Homo sapiens, appeared. Scientists divide the Mesozoic Era into three periods: the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. During this era, the land gradually split from one huge ..., Introduction to the Mesozoic Era. 248 to 65 Million Years Ago. The Mesozoic is divided into three time periods: the Triassic (245-208 Million Years Ago), the Jurassic (208-146 …, The Mesozoic is the middle of the three eras that make up the Phanerozoic eon. Before the Mesozoic was the Palaeozoic era. The K/T extinction in 65 mya also marks the beginning of the Cenozoic era, the one we live in. The three Mesozoic periods were: Triassic (252–201 mya) Lower Triassic (252–247 mya) Middle Triassic (247–237 mya), Lesson Summary. Frequently Asked Questions. What are the three periods of the Mesozoic era? The three time periods of the Mesozoic era are the Triassic, Jurassic, …, Sep 29, 2023 · Triassic Period, in geologic time, the first period of the Mesozoic Era. It began 252 million years ago, at the close of the Permian Period, and ended 201 million years ago, when it was succeeded by the Jurassic Period. The Triassic Period marked the beginning of major changes that were to take place throughout the Mesozoic Era, particularly in ... , The 1960s to Modern Era in American section covers all the major events in modern American history. Learn about the 1960s to modern era in America. Advertisement The 1960s was a period in American history that was marked with conflict and s..., The Mesozoic Era begins with the Triassic Period. This era is popularly known as the “Age of Reptiles” and for good reason: reptiles, and particularly dinosaurs, were the dominant land-dwelling vertebrate animals at the time. During the Triassic, ..., The 1960s to Modern Era in American section covers all the major events in modern American history. Learn about the 1960s to modern era in America. Advertisement The 1960s was a period in American history that was marked with conflict and s..., The Mesozoic Era spans from 251 to 65.5 Million years ago and is divided into three geologic periods inlcuding the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. Mesozoic ..., The Mesolithic ( Greek: μέσος, mesos 'middle' + λίθος, lithos 'stone') or Middle Stone Age is the Old World archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymously, especially for outside northern Europe, and for the corresponding period in the Levant and Caucasus., Crocodilia (or Crocodylia, both / k r ɒ k ə ˈ d ɪ l i ə /) is an order of mostly large, predatory, semiaquatic reptiles known as crocodilians.They first appeared 94 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous period (Cenomanian stage) and are the closest living relatives of birds, as the two groups are the only known survivors of the Archosauria.Members of the order's …, In the Mesozoic Era, the evolution of extendable tubes of soft tissue (siphons) enabled bivalves to burrow more deeply whilst keeping their food supply accessible. A special embayment of the inner shell margin (pallial sinus) allowed storage of the siphons when danger threatened., An era is the second largest geochronologic time unit and is the equivalent of a chronostratigraphic erathem. [7] [12] As of April 2022 [update] there are currently ten defined eras/erathems, [2] namely the Eoarchean , Paleoarchean , Mesoarchean , Neoarchean , Paleoproterozoic , Mesoproterozoic , Neoproterozoic , Paleozoic , Mesozoic and …, Mesozoic. Most of the Mesozoic era is also missing from the local rock record. This is because during that time sediments were generally being eroded away from Illinois rather than deposited. Nevertheless, a few Cretaceous deposits are known in the state. During the Cretaceous Illinois was home to foraminiferans., The Mesozoic Era by Alaska, released 28 June 2010 1. Nova's 2. Dolorous with Robert Manos 3. Celsius 4. Denali's Realm 5. Sundog with Kirsty Hawkshaw 6.